Relación entre la diabetes mellitus y la mortalidad de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad
Resumen
Introducción: la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) se asocia con una morbilidad y mortalidad considerables. La infección pulmonar lo hace por sí misma pero también por su asociación con la diabetes mellitus (DM), la que representa un papel importante en esos resultados.
Objetivos: determinar la influencia de la DM en el desenlace de la NAC.
Materiales y método: estudio de cohortes retrospectiva. Cohorte 1: varones y mujeres mayores de 16 años con DM y NAC ingresados al Hospital Nacional en los años 2013-2014. Cohorte 2: varones y mujeres mayores de 16 años portadores de NAC, sin DM, ingresados al Hospital Nacional en el mismo periodo.
Resultados: se incluyeron 32 sujetos en la cohorte 1 y 104 en la cohorte 2. Fallecieron 11 pacientes, de los cuales 3 (9%) corresponden a la cohorte 1 y 8 (7%) a cohorte 2 (RR 0,97 IC 95% 0,8-1,1 p 0,6). Se observó mayor estadía hospitalaria en pacientes con hiperglicemia al ingreso. Se encontró un Curb65 medio de 1,1±0,9 en altas vivos y 2,2±0,7 en pacientes que obitaron (p 0,0004).
Conclusión: la DM no se asoció significativamente con mayor mortalidad ni mayor estancia hospitalaria en pacientes con NAC.
Citas
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